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Bonanomi Giuliano Zotti Maurizio Cesarano Gaspare Sarker Tushar C. Saulino Luigi Saracino Antonio Idbella Mohamed Agrelli Diana D’Ascoli Rosaria Rita Angelo Adamo Paola Allevato Emilia 《Plant and Soil》2021,460(1-2):263-280
Plant and Soil - Data about woody debris (WD) decomposition are very scarce for the Mediterranean basin. The specific aim of this work is to explore the relationships between WD traits with the... 相似文献
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Juan Galindo Joo Carvalho Graciela Sotelo Mrten Duvetorp Diana Costa Petri Kemppainen Marina Panova Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou Kerstin Johannesson Rui Faria 《Journal of evolutionary biology》2021,34(1):97-113
Low dispersal marine intertidal species facing strong divergent selective pressures associated with steep environmental gradients have a great potential to inform us about local adaptation and reproductive isolation. Among these, gastropods of the genus Littorina offer a unique system to study parallel phenotypic divergence resulting from adaptation to different habitats related with wave exposure. In this study, we focused on two Littorina fabalis ecotypes from Northern European shores and compared patterns of habitat‐related phenotypic and genetic divergence across three different geographic levels (local, regional and global). Geometric morphometric analyses revealed that individuals from habitats moderately exposed to waves usually present a larger shell size with a wider aperture than those from sheltered habitats. The phenotypic clustering of L. fabalis by habitat across most locations (mainly in terms of shell size) support an important role of ecology in morphological divergence. A genome scan based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) revealed a heterogeneous pattern of differentiation across the genome between populations from the two different habitats, suggesting ecotype divergence in the presence of gene flow. The contrasting patterns of genetic structure between nonoutlier and outlier loci, and the decreased sharing of outlier loci with geographic distance among locations are compatible with parallel evolution of phenotypic divergence, with an important contribution of gene flow and/or ancestral variation. In the future, model‐based inference studies based on sequence data across the entire genome will help unravelling these evolutionary hypotheses, improving our knowledge about adaptation and its influence on diversification within the marine realm. 相似文献
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Distinctive probiotic features share common TLR2‐dependent signalling in intestinal epithelial cells
Diana Paveljek Karolina Ivi
ak‐Kocjan Primo Treven Mojca Ben
ina Roman Jerala Irena Rogelj 《Cellular microbiology》2021,23(1)
The underlying mechanisms of probiotics and postbiotics are not well understood, but it is known that both affect the adaptive and innate immune responses. In addition, there is a growing concept that some probiotic strains have common core mechanisms that provide certain health benefits. Here, we aimed to elucidate the signalization of the probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus paragasseri K7, Limosilactobacillus fermentum L930BB, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. animalis IM386 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1. We showed in in vitro experiments that the tested probiotics exhibit common TLR2‐ and TLR10‐dependent downstream signalling cascades involving inhibition of NF‐κB signal transduction. Under inflammatory conditions, the probiotics activated phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/Akt anti‐apoptotic pathways and protein kinase C (PKC)‐dependent pathways, which led to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and tight junctions. These pathways contribute to the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium and modulation of the mucosal immune system, which, together with the inhibition of canonical TLR signalling, promote general immune tolerance. With this study we identified shared probiotic mechanisms and were the first to pinpoint the role of anti‐inflammatory probiotic signalling through TLR10. 相似文献
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Diana Paola Gómez-Mendoza Ana Carolina Lara-Ribeiro Thiago Verano-Braga 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Proteins and Proteomics》2021,1869(6):140622
Cardiac remodeling involves cellular and structural changes that occur as consequence of multifactorial events to maintain the homeostasis. The progression of pathological cardiac remodeling involves a transition from adaptive to maladaptive changes that eventually leads to impairment of ventricular function and heart failure. In this scenario, proteins are key elements that orchestrate molecular events as increased expression of fetal genes, neurohormonal and second messengers' activation, contractile dysfunction, rearrangement of the extracellular matrix and alterations in heart geometry. Mass spectrometry based-proteomics has emerged as a sound method to study protein dysregulation and identification of cardiac diseases biomarkers in plasma. In this review, we summarize the main findings related to large-scale proteome modulation of cardiac cells and extracellular matrix occurred during pathological cardiac remodeling. We describe the recent proteomic progresses in the selection of protein targets and introduce the renin-angiotensin system as an interesting target for the treatment of pathological cardiac remodeling. 相似文献
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